The land will be divided among these 601,730 Israelites as an inheritance, first according to the number of their names and then according to their fathers’ estates...
Numbers 26:53
The Land of Israel was divided in three ways:
by population, i.e., the larger the tribe, the more land it received,
by lot, which was G-d’s hand at work, and
through inheritance, by which the father's estates were passed down to their children.
These three methods mirror the three different facets of our relationship with G-d:
We are connected to G-d in a service-reward relationship. This mirrors the logical division of the land by population
We were chosen by G-d to be His people, regardless of how well we live up to our side of our contractual relationship with Him. This mirrors the division of land by lot, which is not dictated by logic.
We are connected to G-d because we are part of Him; since we are part of G-d, He does not even need to choose us. This mirrors the division of the land by inheritance, for an heir inherits his parents automatically; he does need to earn his inheritance, nor does his parent need to choose him as their heir.
All three facets of our relationship with G-d are important, but in the Messianic future our inheritance-relationship with G-d will become paramount.
—From Daily Wisdom